virasign

NOGR (Non-Overlapping Genomic Regions)

Virasign reports NOGR as an extra per-virus evidence metric: it counts how many distinct, non-overlapping regions of the reference genome are supported by at least one mapped read, and the total number of reference bases spanned by those regions. This follows an mNGS reporting idea used before that can be very valuable for interpretation: requiring a minimum number of non-overlapping viral reads/regions to support a detection (e.g. Nature Communications s41467-024-51470-y, which uses a threshold of ≥3 non-overlapping viral reads/contigs as a positive criterion).


Why this is useful

Coverage breadth can be low for true positives (degraded samples, low viral load), but it can also be low for technical artifacts such as amplicon contamination, where many reads stack on the same small viral genomic region. NOGR helps distinguish real signals from false contamination.


What exactly is computed

Virasign looks at the virus BAM file ({accession}.bam) and does this:

This gives two values: